Troubleshooting: Why Does My Outboard Motor Stop When Put Into Gear?

Are you experiencing unexpected issues with your outboard motor, specifically the engine dying when you put it into gear? This can be a frustrating problem, but it often points to specific issues that can be identified and resolved. This guide will help you diagnose and address the common causes of such problems, ensuring you can get your boat back on the water efficiently.

Types of Outboard Motor and Their Maintenance

When choosing an outboard motor, you have a variety of options in terms of stroke type and cooling method. 2-stroke motors are known for their lightweight and high power, but they require more regular maintenance compared to 4-stroke motors. On the other hand, water-cooled motors tend to be more durable and efficient, whereas air-cooled motors are lighter and better suited for shallow waters.

Common Causes of Engine Shutdown in Gear

The most common reasons why an outboard motor might stop when put into gear are not getting enough power, a propeller jam, or a lack of fuel. Let's explore each in detail:

1. Insufficient Power to Turn the Propeller

One of the most likely causes of an outboard motor dying in gear is insufficient power to turn the propeller. This can be due to:

Not enough throttle input: Check if you are providing the motor with enough throttle to generate the necessary power. Engine issues: There might be an underlying mechanical or electrical problem that prevents the motor from generating enough power. Common culprits include carbon build-up, dirty spark plugs, or problems with the carburetor.

2. Propeller Jam

Another common issue is a propeller jam, which can prevent the motor from functioning correctly. This typically occurs when foreign objects like fishing nets or ropes are wrapped around the propeller, blocking its movement. Here’s how to check for this:

Raise the outboard motor out of the water and spin the propeller by hand. This will allow you to detect any jams or unusual resistance. Manually pull the motor through the water both in neutral and in gear. Feel for any unusual drag on the propeller, as this can indicate a jam. Observe the propeller's movement and check if there is any obstruction.

Diagnosing and Resolving the Issue

If you have ruled out a propeller jam and insufficient power, the problem likely lies with your fuel system. Follow these steps to diagnose and resolve the issue:

Checking the Fuel System

Begin by checking the fuel intake system:

Inspect the fuel water separator. Over time, these can accumulate moisture or debris, which can disrupt the engine's performance. Check the secondary fuel filter located under the cowling. It’s a good idea to remove it and inspect for any water, debris, or sediment. If you notice any, clean or replace the filter. Ensure the fuel lines are free of blockages and that the fuel tank vent is open.

For 2-stroke outboard motors, it's also essential to flush the carburetor to remove any oil buildup that might be restricting the flow of fuel.

Electrical and CPU Issues

Should these steps not resolve the issue, it could be an electrical or CPU problem, which may require professional intervention. Symptoms of these issues include erratic engine behavior or failure to start at all. Experienced mechanics can diagnose and repair these types of issues.

Conclusion

By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can systematically diagnose and address the common causes of your outboard motor dying when put into gear. Regular maintenance and attention to detail are key to ensuring the longevity and performance of your boat's outboard motor. If you encounter persistent issues, consider seeking professional help to prevent further damage.