Martial Arts in WWII: How Soldiers from US, Germany, Japan, and Other Forces Used Combat Techniques

During World War II, various military forces incorporated different martial arts and combat techniques into their training, often adapting them to suit the needs of soldiers in combat. This article provides an overview of martial arts and fighting techniques used by specific soldiers, including U.S., German, Japanese, and other forces.

United States Soldiers: Practical Combat Skills

The U.S. military sought effective self-defense techniques and developed several martial arts and combat styles for their soldiers. These methods were designed to enhance practical and efficient combat skills. Some of the notable styles included:

Krav Maga

Although Krav Maga was developed in the 1930s, it gained prominence during World War II. It focused on practical, efficient combat skills that were highly pragmatic in high-stress situations. Krav Maga is now widely known for its effectiveness in real-world applications.

Judo

Judo was adopted by the U.S. military for hand-to-hand combat training, especially in close-quarters combat situations. Judo emphasized throws and grappling techniques, which are crucial for controlling and subduing opponents in confined spaces. This training was essential for ensuring soldiers could effectively dispatch the enemy in tight environments.

Boxing

Boxing was widely taught to U.S. soldiers because of its effectiveness in hand-to-hand combat and its ability to enhance physical fitness. Boxing focused on striking skills, which are valuable in close combat. The training also helped soldiers build the strength and endurance necessary for prolonged engagements. Additionally, boxing taught soldiers precision and a disciplined approach to combat.

German Soldiers: Efficient and Aggressive Combat

German military forces also embraced various combat arts, including traditional and modern techniques. Some of the key styles used by German soldiers included:

Kampfkunst Combat Arts

German soldiers trained in various traditional combat arts, including Ringen, a form of wrestling that included throws and grappling techniques. Ringen required soldiers to be well-versed in both offensive and defensive moves, making it a valuable training tool for close-quarters combat.

boxing and Wrestling

German soldiers also practiced boxing and wrestling, focusing on striking and grappling for close combat. These techniques were essential for soldiers to handle opponents in tight spaces and to be prepared for any situation encountered on the battlefield.

SS Combat Training

The SS had its own combat training that included elements of unarmed combat, emphasizing efficiency and aggression. This training was designed to build soldiers who were highly skilled and ruthless in combat, making them a formidable force on the battlefield.

Japanese Soldiers: Focus on Unarmed Combat Techniques

Japanese soldiers utilized traditional martial arts to enhance their combat skills. Several key techniques were employed, including:

Jujutsu

Traditional Japanese martial arts like Jujutsu were used by soldiers, focusing on joint locks and throws. These techniques were highly effective in unarmed combat. Jujutsu required soldiers to be flexible and agile, which were essential qualities in combat scenarios.

Kendo

While primarily a sport, Kendo techniques influenced the training of soldiers. Kendo emphasized discipline and swordsmanship, which helped soldiers develop focus and determination. The techniques also contributed to the overall combat readiness of Japanese soldiers.

British Commandos and Soviet Soldiers: Adapted Martial Arts

The British and Soviet military forces adopted a mix of martial arts to enhance their combat effectiveness, with training often tailored to their specific needs:

British Commandos

The British military focused on techniques derived from Judo and Boxing, as well as specialized close-quarters combat training. These methods became part of the British Army's hand-to-hand combat curriculum, ensuring soldiers were well-prepared for any situation.

Soviet Soldiers

The Soviet military employed a mix of Sambo and Systema, focusing on grappling and striking techniques that were effective in combat scenarios. These techniques were adapted to suit the harsh and often urban environments Soviet soldiers encountered during the war.

Conclusion

Overall, World War II soldiers adapted various martial arts to enhance their combat effectiveness. Training was often tailored to the specific combat needs of their respective military branches, emphasizing practicality and efficiency. The techniques reflected the brutal realities of war and helped soldiers survive and defeat their enemies.